Political Oversight Committee: CANADA AIR SPACE : Sovereignty & Destiny : Securing Dominant Nation Right : Reserving RightTo Deny : JUST SOCIETY

Caveat : Free Prior Informed Consent : Emptor

SINCE TIME BEGAN : salus populi suprema est lex - the right of the people is the supreme law : IN TRUTH WE TRUST

Respectfully Published By : SQYX : Editor-In-Chief +1NC ICG

FEB 19TH, 2025

POTUS 2025 DECLARATION OF ILLEGAL TARIFFS UPON CANADA THE FOLLOWING IS CONSIDERED

POTUS 2025 Executive Orders Prescribing Tariffs Upon Canada Is Contrary To USMCA Sustained Trade Agreement

In 2025, President Donald J. Trump has also declared new tariffs on steel and aluminum imports. These tariffs include a 25% tariff on steel and a 25% tariff on aluminum1 2. The new tariffs apply to imports from all countries without exception, rolling back previous exemptions for Canada, Mexico, the EU, and other allied nations 1 2.

CANADA AS A SOVEREIGN NATION - FOUNDING UNITED NATIONS MEMBER - IS ENTITLED TO RESPOND

Canada controls sovereignty over its airspace. According to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (the Chicago Convention), each state has complete and exclusive sovereignty over the airspace above its territory 1. This means Canada has the right to regulate and control its airspace, including the management of air traffic and the enforcement of national laws within its airspace 1.

UNITED NATIONS CHARTER, CHAPTER VII - ALIEN HOSTILE MILITARY OCCUPATION

Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter deals with actions related to threats to peace, breaches of peace, and acts of aggression. It grants the UN Security Council the authority to determine the existence of any threat to peace and to take military and non-military action to restore international peace and security 1.

While Chapter VII provides a framework for collective security and defense, it does not specifically address the protection of a nation’s airspace sovereignty from alien (foreign) entrance. Instead, it focuses on broader measures to maintain or restore peace, including the use of force if necessary 1 2.

Canada’s sovereignty over its airspace is primarily protected by international law, including the Chicago Convention, which grants each state complete and exclusive sovereignty over the airspace above its territory 2.

Chapter VII of the UN Charter grants the UN Security Council (UNSC) the authority to take action in response to threats to peace, breaches of peace, and acts of aggression. It allows the UNSC to authorize military and non-military measures to maintain or restore international peace and security 1 2.

While Chapter VII does not explicitly prohibit military occupation of a foreign land without UNSC sanction, it establishes that any use of force or military action should be authorized by the UNSC to ensure it aligns with international peace and security objectives 1 2. Unauthorized military occupation would generally be considered a violation of international law and the principles of the UN Charter.

The Relevance Of NORAD Within The Ongoing POTUS 2025 Tariff Campaign Upon Canada

The North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) is a binational organization established by the United States and Canada to provide aerospace warning, air sovereignty, and defense for North America. Here are some key points about its background:

Formation: NORAD was formally established on May 12, 1958, through a bilateral defense agreement between the U.S. and Canada 1 2.
Mission: Its primary missions include aerospace warning, aerospace control, and maritime warning. Aerospace warning involves monitoring man-made objects in space and detecting potential attacks against North America, while aerospace control ensures air sovereignty and defense of the airspace over Canada and the U.S.2.
Structure: NORAD’s headquarters is located at Peterson Space Force Base in Colorado Springs, Colorado. It also has regional headquarters in Alaska, Canada, and the continental U.S.2.
Evolution: Over the years, NORAD has adapted to changing threats and expanded its mission to include maritime warning, which involves monitoring activities in maritime approaches and inland waterways 2.

NORAD continues to play a crucial role in the defense of North America through its binational cooperation and evolving capabilities.

AIR SPACE : NATION RIGHT : DENIAL OPTIONS

The maximum altitude at which a nation possesses the right of sovereignty over its airspace is not explicitly defined by international law. Generally, a country’s airspace extends from the surface of the Earth up to the point where outer space begins. However, the exact boundary between airspace and outer space remains undefined and is a subject of ongoing debate.

The Kármán line, located at an altitude of 100 kilometers (62 miles) above sea level, is often used as a reference point for the boundary between airspace and outer space 1 2. Below this line, a nation has sovereignty over its airspace and can regulate and control it according to its national laws.

How to know more about how airspace sovereignty is enforced or any specific regulations related to it? 1 : 1 2 : 2

If Canada were to withdraw U.S. military and security access to its airspace while continuing to accept commercial air traffic, it could indeed lead to objections from the United States. The U.S. might argue that such a move compromises mutual defense and security arrangements, especially given the close military cooperation between the two countries through NORAD 1.

The U.S. could also raise concerns about the impact on joint defense initiatives and the overall security of North America. Diplomatic negotiations would likely follow to address these concerns and find a mutually acceptable solution 1.

If Canada were to withdraw from NORAD (North American Aerospace Defense Command), it would likely have significant implications for the defense relationship between Canada and the United States. However, it wouldn’t necessarily eliminate U.S. military access to Canadian airspace.

NORAD is a binational organization that provides aerospace warning, air sovereignty, and defense for North America. If Canada were to withdraw, the U.S. and Canada would need to negotiate new agreements to manage airspace security and military cooperation 1 2. The U.S. might still have access to Canadian airspace through bilateral agreements or other defense treaties, but the structure and terms of such access would change.

The withdrawal could also impact joint defense initiatives and the overall security posture of North America, requiring both countries to adapt their strategies and operations 2.